One Nostril Hurts And Runs

With no one wear a solid house


Home Mortgages: Sting comes
The fixed rate rose from 4% to 6%, increases of 300 €
year

Alarm consumer groups on the rise in benchmark rates that the Bank European Central will decide on April 7. If the increase is limited to 0.25%, a home loan of 120 000 € for 15 years at a floating rate would increase the rate of € 24 per month, 288 € a year. But if the ECB still tweak the rates during the year, the increases may exceed 10%. But the increase in interest rates is already in recent months. The principal benchmark for floating rate, the Euribor, has doubled in a year. And the fixed rates, which until November proposals could still below 4% deals, jumped in a few weeks more than 5%, to almost 6% and to overcome it if you add the costs. The ECB in order to counter inflationary trends fueled primarily by rising fuel, is expected to increase in a few weeks the cost of money lent to banks from 1 to 1, 25%. But observers expect a further increase to 1, 50% in June. The accounts make them Federconsumatori and Adusbef. In the case of a ten-year loan of € 100 thousand, an increase of 0.25% would bring the monthly payment from 920 to 931 €, with an annual burden of 132 €. If the loan is twenty years, the annual inflation is 144 €. In the case of a loan of 200 000 € for a decade the burden is 264 euro per year for a twenty-year € 288. But with an overall increase in the base rate of 0.50%, as might occur between April and June, inflation for the adjustable rate mortgage of € 100,000 would be € 276 per year in the case of funding to 10 years and 312 € in the case of financing in 20 years. For a loan of € 200 000, burdens would rise respectively to 552 and 624 euro per year. All this, plus the associations, "provided that Italian banks do not make the ridge, the rates rise further." In the meantime, however, the most widely used benchmark rate mortgages variable, the Euribor, which is the rate at which they lend money to each other banks, has doubled in a year. The 1-month Euribor, the reference to such loans from the Bank of Trento and Bolzano, has passed the March 2010 from 0.41% to 0.91% in recent days. The three-month Euribor, the typical parameters of variable mortgages Rural Banks and Unicredit, jumped over the same period from 0.66% to 1, 19%. Adusbef and Federconsumatori criticize banks that last year advised the variable rates instead of 'unique' fixed rates. The Consumer Protection Centre of Trent was surveyed in November to the lowest 4%. But that era is over. The fixed rate "Mutual carefree" di Bnl Paribas , che era al 3,99%, è oggi salito al 4,50% per un mutuo decennale e al 5,30% per un finanziamento a 25 anni. Il «Domus fisso» della Btb è passato, per il decennale, dal 3,95 al 4,75% e dal 4,60 al 5,45% per un mutuo a 25 anni. Nel caso del mutuo a tasso fisso di Unicredit , su 15 anni il tasso è passato dal 4,75% di novembre al 5,80%, su 20 anni è salito dal 4,80 al 5,85%. Il fisso di Banca Sella Nord Est Bovio Calderari , che lo scorso novembre variava, in base alla durata, dal 4,39 al 4,94%, ora è al 5,95%. La proposta di tasso fisso di Poste Italiane è salita dal 4,39 al 4,70% per i mutui a 10 anni e dal 4,91 al 5,11% per quelli a vent'anni.

***
As a comedian he said: if I do not understand why the early money in the bank my money worth much if it is 1%, while if the bank lends them to me its worth 6% ...
banks raise fixed rates (unless you wear this ...) and the state does not defend its citizens. The dream of the economy is beyond human reality.
Mutuo Sociale. Now.
fixed in growth rates, was absent condemnation

Convert Optical Xbox 360 To Usb

THE FORCAIOLO
Leonardo Mazzei









republish an analysis of the figure of Leonardo Mazzei Di Pietro. Although 17 months have elapsed since its first publication this analysis is still relevant. You might remember that today thanks to various parliamentary left Italy of Values, apparently the largest party in parliament antiberlusconiano this, that the Berlusconi government has so far managed to overcome its crisis inside.

Commissioner Di Pietro in Italian situation murky

The clouds are gathering for a long time, but the storm is yet to come. The Italian situation is becoming increasingly cloudy and still not be seen what will be the outlet. The crisis is no longer just economic and social, but also institutional. The alternative proposal is that Italians today is between a block and a block reactionary oligarchy, but the left-right dichotomy! The first is shaken by the difficulties of its undisputed leader, but certainly not ready to give up the second one hopes to overcome its political difficulties by virtue of its economic strength and support from Washington.
This is Italy in autumn 2009. Bonapartism is opposed to the Berlusconi government's design of the oligarchies, like from the frying pan into the fire. In this clash, which will certainly see tripping, betrayal and turns, play characters of all kinds. Among those we deal with today in a subject a bit 'special: Antonio Di Pietro, come to politics through the manettaro by the police and judiciary, but always remained a staunch forcaiolo. There
deal because his personal party is no longer a small "bush" because in the general confusion is likely to attract consensus by those who are against the bipolarity, because his momentary success is a symptom of a general list.
But before we take a brief look at the political situation. In fact, Peter has an extraordinary advantageous position, as determined by the end of the crisis without dall'inconsistenza Pd and, even more than the subordination of that which still stands to his left. E 'in this context that Di Pietro dell'antiberlusconismo may look like the champion, a title more than enough to scrape together in today's consensus in many directions.

The impasse of the right

Deployment Berlusconi is in a dead end. Wanting to use the language American, Berlusconi is now a lame duck. And in the era of personalization, the destruction of the person above the political defeat. And 'certainly what it deserves, but what's cooking?
What is certain is that Berlusconi will not withdraw voluntarily Hammamet. It is cut all the bridges behind him, took the path of institutional clash and forced to have failed to quit. Its latest moves suggest a hunted and wounded animal, which kicks and punches before falling inevitably impallinato his hunters.
The elders of the right would rather not have to share this passage with their father-master, but this sort can not escape. Moreover, if one day they will release will not be so easy for them one day, on the contrary will be the beginning of an internal gang war. Can one imagine the unity of the PDL without its head?
But we remain to the present. Massimo D'Alema said a few days ago that in a "normal country" Berlusconi should resign because his party would ask him. For once we can not but agree with D'Alema. But on July 25 of Berlusconi does not yet appear on doors, and if it will come only after a stinging political defeat.
For now - at least until the regional elections of spring - the duo-PDL League (especially the PDL) will be costretto a barcamenarsi, confidando soprattutto sull’incredibile debolezza dell’opposizione parlamentare. L’animale ferito continuerà a tirar calci, i cacciatori proseguiranno il loro gioco, la vita pubblica diventerà sempre più un pantano. Insomma, guai a pensare di aver toccato il fondo.

Il centrosinistra in coma speranzoso

Se la destra è in un vicolo cieco, il centrosinistra è in una paradossale condizione di coma speranzoso. E’ politicamente in coma, non sa esprimere una vera opposizione, si fa sempre infilzare nella polemica quotidiana, ha una politica delle alleanze a dir poco confusa e rimane litigioso al suo interno. Nonostante tutto ciò, il centrosinistra è speranzoso. Non ha grandi idee, ma pensa di risolvere le sue difficoltà lasciandosi trasportare dalla corrente oligarchica-confindustriale-americana che sta preparando il dopo-Berlusconi.
In questi ultimi giorni la linea di questo blocco è sempre più chiara: meno tasse per le imprese e da subito, guai a parlare di precarietà (basta vedere come è stato redarguito Tremonti per la “bestemmia” sul “posto fisso”), ulteriore attacco alle pensioni (vedi Il peggiore di tutti: Mario Draghi), nuove privatizzazioni. Quello di Draghi, Marcegaglia, Montezemolo – con il loro codazzo di economisti ed opinionisti sempre pronti alla bisogna – è un gigantesco progetto di massacro social policy of the sacrifices to the cube, in front of which the financial "blood and tears" to Maastricht are likely to appear as childish things.
the oligarchs who have decided to tackle the crisis in this way but can not do without the umbrella of Washington. Hence the political offensive on the pipeline, the attack on the Russian-Italian relations, the denunciation of Berlusconi as a man of Czar Putin.
is not yet clear how this plan - which also has terminals on the right - to materialize, but certainly enough to make hopeful the center-left in a coma. They have their own project, but know they can be useful to someone else. And this enough for him and move forward, it is a political class voted only to the governance and interests (as would say, with emphasis Emilia, Bersani) the "company".

Here then commissioner Peter

So much for the photo of the degradation of politics. In this picture of Peter is a bit 'inside and a bit' out. His voters, especially the newcomers, most believe the outside than inside. The truth of the facts shows it instead up to their ears, but the confusion is so great that dominates the appearance of reality. So let's look better in rebuilding his career, analyzing its political choices, examining the program of his party, whose main structure will be useful to have a minimum of attention.
Di Pietro arrives in passing by the judiciary police. From Commissioner to Pm is a short step, although it will have to wait some years to get to the celebrities who wins with "clean hands" (1992). How
were "clean" those hands should now be clear to all. The fact is that that is where is the second republic, the electoral system, the world record of privatization, the sacrifices to enter the euro, the military missions alongside U.S., and so on and so forth . E 'from there, only apparent paradox, che arriva lo stesso Silvio Berlusconi, un “dettaglio” sul quale Di Pietro, come gli altri dirigenti del centrosinistra, evita accuratamente di proferir parola.
In una recentissima trasmissione di Annozero (inizi di ottobre), il leader dell’Idv rivela che pochi giorni prima della strage di via D’Amelio viene fatto espatriare in Costarica, sotto il falso nome di Marco Canale. Ma guarda un po’, gli apparati dello Stato si preoccupavano della sua incolumità esattamente nel momento in cui le sue inchieste destrutturavano il sistema politico della prima repubblica, mentre non si preoccupavano di quella del giudice Borsellino che in via D’Amelio da lì a poco sarebbe saltato in aria.
Lungi da noi la dietrologia, but what is certain (he tells us) is that in the face of threats of mafia apparatus of the state to put safety first by a judge who conducts his investigations in Milan, Palermo. Some have argued previously that Di Pietro himself was a man of services. We can not know, but the events of '92 should give pause.
After that season, as the turbidity current reaches the political Di Pietro. Before
refuse, but declares flattered, offered a ministerial office by Berlusconi (April 1994) on the grounds of wanting to remain in the judiciary, then a few months after leaving the judiciary itself for reasons never really explained. What we do know is that even then used blackmail and dossier.
In 1996 he joined the Prodi government as minister of public works, but he resigned after receiving a notice of investigation. At the end of 1997 will still be rewarded with the election to the Senate in the lists of the Olive.
The following year was born in Italy of Values \u200b\u200b(IDV), which joins in 1999 nell'asinello of "Democrats". In 2000, when the defeat of the center in the general election is already virtually certain, refounded the IDV, evidently a "party" for the jacket pocket of the former prosecutor.
The rest is fairly recent. At the 2004 European Occhetto is paired with, the policies of 2006 in di Prodi, in quelle del 2008 è l’unico alleato ammesso all’apparentamento con il Pd da Veltroni, un fatterello che viene sistematicamente omesso dagli estimatori della presunta autonomia di Di Pietro.

Fuori dal recinto?

Secondo costoro Di Pietro sarebbe un nemico del bipolarismo.
Peccato che già nel 1998 sia stato tra i promotori del referendum per l’abolizione della quota proporzionale per l’elezione della Camera. Peccato che abbia confermato questa sua vocazione maggioritaria e bipolare non più tardi che nel giugno scorso quando ha sostenuto il sì al referendum ultra-bipartitista.
Sempre secondo i suoi estimatori, Di Pietro sarebbe in rotta con the Democratic Party. Nothing could be further from the truth. We have already said the elections in 2008, but the alliance has been repeated in recent regional elections in Abruzzo and Sardinia and so the administration in June. Where is the break?
And why should there be, given the similarity of programs and objectives?
Di Pietro is entirely inside the fence, including aspects of caste that would also terminate. Its real function is to raise our voices to raise the discomfort and the desire of opposition, to bring them back into the cage then bipolar.

What is your program?

IDV What is the program? Of course, almost nobody knows, since the only message that comes is that of the scourge, sworn enemy of Mr. Berlusconi and corrupt. In its hunt for votes using tone and arguments of left is the anti-fascist, the defender of the workers, the guardian of the Constitution, if necessary even pacifist.
But what is your program?
Leggerselo is simple, IDV is on site and is merged into 10 points. And 'quick and highly instructive.
In chapters devoted to the economy are qualifying these goals: a) decrease the tax burden from businesses Irap, b) the liberalization of local public services and commencement of privatization, c) killing labor costs and salaries linked to outcomes, d) incentive for scrapping. Someone would know
find any difference with the current priorities of Confederation?
On foreign policy, in the midst of inoffensive platitudes, we find the objective of the European army and that of a common EU policy. Support IDV oligarchies of Europe in the Treaty of Lisbon is thus complete.
no coincidence that when the Italian parliament ratified the Protocol, Di Pietro was with his hands to peel the applause at that totally bipartisan vote.
on justice and security, Peter of course the best. Increasing law enforcement agencies, police, guards prison, which should also increase the salaries, increase the number of judges, making it more difficult for appeals to the Supreme Court, suspend the terms of the requirement after the trial, and enhance international judicial cooperation, promote the image of Pm European tighten the prison regime, grant additional facilities to repent, to prevent any restriction to eavesdropping. We need to continue?
Obviously the populist authoritarian Molise sells his wares with the usual seasoning antiberlusconismo. But, we should ask, Berlusconi is the only Italian city that has to do with justice? With that, however, that justice has been unable so far to condemn a once beyond the odious Alfano recently canceled by the Constitutional Court? And in the name
dell'antiberlusconismo should we hope more and more armed police, more prisons and tougher?
Are we crazy? The authoritarian laws should always be to hit the oppressed and those who struggle against the capitalist order, and usually in jail the corrupt and corrupting not go there. We still remember these simple truths? But the nature of
DiPietro turns on all fronts. You know, for example, what is the response to the television monopoly? Of course, liberalization ...

Guardian of compatibility

Of course, someone might observe that IDV in the program there are also other things. True, but look, if not missing a single point of those who are dear to the ruling classes.
To remove any doubt, however, just remember where DiPietro during the last Prodi government (2006-2008). That period is not far, but the memory of the Italians seems in trouble recently. In the short term
Di Pietro, who with a mere 2.3% of votes became minister of infrastructure, he brought the characters of various kinds, among which played a major role in Sergio De Gregorio, who will become chairman of the Senate Defence Committee with the votes of Berlusconi. De Gregorio, who will then arms and baggage to the Centre, had been a member of Forza Italy in Campania, but in this case, for some reason, the commissioner had been less rigid than usual in compiling the electoral roll.
instead, had the stiffness of the watchdog to defend to the bitter end to decide the most markedly anti-social (as another counter-pension summer 2007), and the Atlantic, such as yes to the U.S. base in Vicenza and the full support refinancing of the various military missions abroad, starting with the one in Afghanistan.
The usual naive to think that so much zeal may perhaps derived from his loyalty to Prodi, the desire to avoid at all costs, difficulties the government, but it is not. Both avid
against the alleged "radicalism" of the components of the left - in fact always remain subordinate and ineffective, and to the very end, however, remained to guard the empty container of the "friendly government" - as furious and judgments sputacchiante saliva as well as to distance the government when it could mark the true nature of forcaiolo.
on what the party stands out because staff of the minister of infrastructure? Simple: by voting and demonstrating against the pardon in July 2006, and opposing the commission of inquiry into the conduct of police during the G8 summit in Genoa.

A personal party

So far the policy choices of the party. Yeah, but what kind of party?
After the success of the European Di Pietro has promised a "party less personalized." But that promise is not followed by actions and the symbol with its name in the middle is still there.
to say which party is the IDV enough of the rest two. The first is that although the statutes provide for the congress every two years, today's conference (which is sui generis Congress) if they were only two in 1999 and 2004. The second is that the power to amend the articles is not the Congress, but a very small bureau. So it is from January last year, even before then that power was actually in the hands of one person: guess who. Some parliamentarians
DiPietro sometimes mutter to this dominance of the head, but - like the Berlusconi - can not really do anything with those who won a seat so unexpected.
The other issue that speaks to us of the true nature of the IDV is funding.
Did you know that the Court of Accounts is investigating what the person who has so far received election funds for all'Idv. The investigation has not got the moves by some of the hated berluscones maneuver, but by a complaint of statutory Elio Veltri (co-founder IDV) and Ochille Occhetto, the 2004 European ally of the Communist Party as well as the melter.
The hypothesis is that the funds have not finished the Italy of Values \u200b\u200bparty, but in Italy an association of values, consists of three members: Antonio Di Pietro, his wife Susanna Mazzoleni and trustworthy Silvana Mura. These two subjects (IDV IDV party and association) are legally distinct, were also recognized as such by the Tribunal of Rome in the civil case that pits the IDV in the "yard" of Occhetto and Veltri.
The Commissioner is therefore not the champion of transparency that would have us believe: the (fake) party need to take vows, but the money (along with all the powers decisionali) devono stare nelle mani di un ristrettissimo clan familiare. E se l’inchiesta confermerà l’imbroglio saremmo di fronte al primo caso di questo genere nella pur variopinta e pittoresca galleria delle furfanterie del ceto politico italiano.
Ai dipietristi inossidabili, agli amanti del Pm dalle “mani pulite”, dedichiamo le righe che seguono, tratte dall’esposto dei legali di Occhetto e Veltri del luglio 2008, nel quale fanno presente alla Corte dei Conti, che: «nella più totale assenza di qualsiasi controllo da parte dell’Ente pagatore (la Camera dei deputati, ndr) sulle condizioni minime di legittimazione a ricevere i pagamenti dei rimborsi elettorali, essi vengono conseguiti da parte di an association formed by only three people who meet these substantial funds to come in the absence of any statement. " In short, Di Pietro is a cheat? According to former allies of the "Yard", yes. For the rest of the readers judge.

What is the IDV?

then conclude by returning to the most important question: what is the IDV? That the substance of this former personal party Pm is light years away from what would seem is all too evident. But what is its function?
The IDV has the traits of a conservative party in the institutional, economic liberal, reactionary in the field of law and justice, than the secular civil rights. Who resembles this strange animal? If it were not for his nature forcaiola found more than one relationship with the Radical Party of Pannella, which among other shares (but in a more centralized) the same structure Leadership. This comparison might seem to some crazy and unreasonable. Pannella friends to appear disrespectful of radical positions on justice, the former prosecutor will seem offensive to those of the image that their leader has been built upon.
Let us try to think in another way, comparing the current function IDV with that taken by the Radical Party in the late 70. Today it is collecting the dissent and opposition to the political system for all in the cage reincanalare bipolar. Then it was to absorb dissent and opposition to the governments of "national unity", ie consociativismo of that time, reincanalarli in the institutions of that system. Pannella
screaming, yelling Di Pietro, an anti-system seemed Pannella, Di Pietro as well. The first is done to promote the referendum for the majority and against the workers, as well as demonstrations in support of the war on Yugoslavia, the second one did exactly the same things.
If yesterday was used because it was necessary to convey the libertarian liberal direction in at least some of the movements of the '70s, now works better than actual permanent service in the commissioner because the judiciary is the main road of a certain antiberlusconismo.
Both were able to pick up votes and scraps from the forces of the left, both are allies of the Democratic Party, in support of a center-left. We have already noted that the IDV in 2008 was not far from the only party allied with the PD Veltroni, but which contained within its list of the steel patrol pannelliana. A case? Difficult to think.
The success of the Radical Party in the late '70s was the poisoned fruit of the historic compromise and unity government nazionale. Quello di Di Pietro è il frutto avvelenato del berlusconismo. Un frutto da combattere per ciò che è, per la sua linea politica ed il suo programma, ma anche per la funzione che svolge: quella di partito di cerniera tra il centrosinistra e quella parte della società che vorrebbe farla finita con il bipolarismo.
Quelli che si illusero sulla via pannelliana trenta anni fa dovettero ben presto ricredersi: la funzione del buffone radicale e filo-americano non cambiò, ed anzi si precisò sempre più nel tempo, ma il suo seguito si ridusse drasticamente benché in molti continuassero a prodigarsi amorevolmente per tenerlo in qualche modo in vita.
A quando il declino del principe dei forcaioli? Non lo sappiamo, anche se il suo destino appare indissolubilmente legato a quello dell’attuale primo ministro. Possiamo immaginare un dipietrismo senza Berlusconi? Ovviamente no: verrebbero meno sia gli argomenti che la funzione del suo partito personale.
I tempi sono dunque incerti, ma una cosa possiamo dirla: quando le quotazioni del commissario Di Pietro inizieranno finalmente a scendere l’aria della penisola sarà un po’ più salubre.


24 Ottobre 2009

Labelled Diagram Of Sailing Boat

Sanzionami this! Betting on failure



Associations harass by SIAE

"in 2007 - wrote the aldermen Pederzolli Mauro Riva, Carlo Modena, Enzo and Luca Grazioli Bassetti - was presented with a motion requesting the City Council to convey, through the appropriate fora, to start a path that would lead to a reduction of 50% of rights' author that associations must pay the agency SIAE. Motion showed that, among other things, as existing legislation on copyright provides, or, to be paid a fee for the creation of shows / entertainment, or any other form of musical representation. At present - added the advisers - does not distinguish between the consideration that is required for a business to that paid by the associations non-profit, or even have solely a benefit for music, theater or cinema. The price for copyright is generally 10% on revenue earned by the organizer of the show, including any income from advertising, sponsorship and contributions if they are connected to the event. If music is a complementary element to the show (for example, plays or films), the rate is considerably lower (eg 3.33% for the theater and 2.10% for the films). If the organization has no income of any kind, and then the show is actually gratuito, vengono applicati compensi minimi in cifra fissa, a seconda della capienza del luogo di spettacolo o dell'affluenza del pubblico. Nonostante l'applicazione di compensi minimi in cifra fissa, il comitato organizzatore si trova a versare un importo, determinato dalla tipologia di rappresentazione e dalla possibile affluenza nel luogo di svolgimento, che prevede versamenti che si attestano, di norma, in almeno qualche centinaia di euro. Costi che incidono non poco sulle spese che le associazioni locali si trovano a sostenere per spettacoli ed eventi che hanno la finalità di raccogliere fondi da destinare a situazioni di difficoltà e disagio. Recentemente, sia la Confartigianato che la Confesercenti, hanno stipulato una convenzione con la Siae which foresees a reduction of costs related to copyright in the members will enjoy. The reduction in the tariff schedules is equal to 25% for the payment of royalties for background music broadcast in the workplace not open to the public in stores open to the public in premises. 10% discount for payment instead of royalties during evening dancing and / or concertina. And less than 40% for the payment of copyright fees on the whole of the appliances installed in public vehicles (buses, coaches). We are talking about activities that have a profit-making and that, under that agreement, there are still a small discount that allows a lower disbursement of money. Justifiable, since many believe that this "tax" unjustified additional expense, but that becomes a sort of "slap" for all the charities that no national organizations that support the activities, find themselves having to bear the cost in full. Groped for a road that could lead to a kind of agency agreement between SIAE and non-profit associations, the council could be an appropriate contact person at the local level. " Hence, a motion to engage the junta Riva del Garda "to initiate a study, with the local agency SIAE, which may result in a sort of agreement for a reduced payment of royalties for events, organized by local non-profit associations, which will be held in the town of Riva. Convention that might have a basis similar to that done at national level with trade associations and trade and crafts, also shared with other local municipalities, have increased incidence in bargaining with the SIAE.

the Adige 14/03/2011

***
Just to get an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat the SIAE and in what manner the collection of lace operates the largest certified by conspiracy state and major record labels:

Ferris Bueller Cheetah Vest

                UN REQUIEM PER LA RIVOLTA LIBICA
                              di Pier Francesco Zarcone


Pur sperando che non vada a finire così, indubbiamente in questo paese il quadro è cambiato. Gheddafi è in marcia su Bengasi e ha “ripulito” la parte occidentale the coast. A revolt in early seemingly unstoppable now has before him the prospect of defeat and the most cruel repression. Cynically speaking, the colonel had the good sense to use the sea of \u200b\u200bmoney on which to base sailing armed force of his regime on the bodies of chosen members of his tribe and a robust body of foreign mercenaries armed and very well paid . There is no secret that the Libyan rebels on their own - at least that is without adequate supplies of arms and ammunition - do not make it. Theoretical assumption of a direct intervention of imperialist powers it already has expressed in the negative and motivated. But the rebels have outside help, otherwise Gaddafi wins. There remains the question of what should be done in this situation? Beyond the existence of repeated verbal and more options, and voids Gaddafi calls because if they go, the imperialist powers are not going. So avoid mixing more trouble. We also understand the reason for inaction, beyond French diplomatic initiative which resulted in the recognition of the revolutionary council of Benghazi (unilateral initiative by the taste of booking petrilifere concessions in case of victory, or resistance, the rebels, but nothing more .) already engaged in Iraq and Afghanistan, Western powers are unwilling (and affordable) to open a third front, while sapendo che un Gheddafi vittorioso presenterà il conto a chi lo ha “mollato” dopo aver fatto affari con lui e averlo coccolato. In base all’atteggiamento complessivo di tali potenze, e alle cose da loro dette e non dette, si può pensare che siano in gioco alcuni fattori senza i quali si capirebbe poco: la diffidenza per i ribelli libici dei quali non si sa molto e la loro appartenenza a un mondo fortemente tribalizzato (col rischio di una ripetizione del caos somalo); la presunzione/speranza che la fine della crisi libica normalizzi i prezzi petroliferi; e per finire l’interesse ad avere qualcuno disposto a essere il disumano (ma utile) custode della costa sud in funzione anti-immigrazione verso l’Europa. In fondo è l’ennesima dimostrazione di come per l’imperialismo i dittatori di un certo colore, pur se figli di puttana, siano sempre “i propri” figli di puttana, e di come risulti più “proficuo” che la democrazia borghese resti confinata nel “primo mondo” e i diritti umani siano alibi per operazioni economicamente proficue.Questa critica non è necessariamente in contraddizione con il giudizio negativo circa un intervento diretto dell’Occidente, se procediamo nel senso di dare una risposta alla domanda sul “che fare”. In realtà il soggetto collettivo suscettibile di agire, e a cui potrebbero essere forniti i necessari supporti, ci sarebbe: la Lega Araba. Questo organismo alla fine ha chiesto the establishment of a UN no-fly zones. This initiative is not reducible to the mere declaration of disqualification of an air space, because without a prompt and adequate military preparedness - destroying radar systems and contrarei and operational capacity of local aviation - all would have no effect. But I still do not understand those who should provide? Perhaps the West? A further demonstration of hypocrisy, because before that the UN is moving (and we have always known that the UN only moves to quell the riots, not to encourage them), and that after his "way" to do so by the employees execution, Gaddafi has already vinto.In reality little if the scandal at the Arab League had decided to arrange itself to the task, getting all the information deemed by the West to prepare for the no-fly zones. And in practice you could give the executive post to Egypt, with a respectable air force. Same time should not be difficult to quickly replenish the rebels arms they need, because if it is the air force Tripoli to "soften" the positions, specifically are armed with Gaddafi to conquer them. But you can safely bet that this will not happen. The consequences will not be limited to Libya or vindictive reactions of Gaddafi outside of his country, bensì il fatto stesso della sua vittoria avrebbe conseguenze pesanti e negative nei paesi – come lo Yemen, per esempio – in cui da settimane il popolo cerca di mandare a casa il dittatore locale. Sarà quindi la Libia lo scoglio su cui si infrangerà l’ondata della ribellione araba che, nel suo complesso e nella sua pericolosa dinamica, non è stata mai vista di buon occhio dall’Occidente? Riflessioni provvisorie (forse) sugli eventuali sbocchi “democratici” nei paesi arabi liberati.In una precedente corrispondenza si era parlato dell’assenza, a breve o medio termine, di prospettive di rivoluzione sociale (in senso proprio) nei paesi arabi in cui la rivolta ha avuto successo e in quelli dove è still ongoing. They seem to be in place formal processes for the establishment of representative democracy of the bourgeois type, perhaps the most effective systems put in place by false or depose deposed dictators. Better than nothing, you might say, those in favor and stay in the corner (like this writer) to what was once called "direct democracy" (also known by the Greek Communists in the last century "laocrazia). Certainly the advent of representative democracy is an improvement over the tyrannical and bloodthirsty Arab autocracies, however, even from the standpoint of the revolutionary left it well-known shortcomings, limitations and even dangers for the emancipation of the people. The fact remains that not all systems in category "representative democracy" are equal: some are better, others worse. At this point demands a fresh (albeit brief) on some fundamental problems that have to do heavy political processes in the Arab world - regardless of the factor "Islamic radicalism" - taking into account a key element: representative democracy contradicts itself (that is pure front) where the lack of respect for opponents (enemies you could make a separate discussion) and space for the so-called "political discourse". In a less stately language, this means that to take blows per strada (o peggio) gli avversari è fuori dalla normale logica democratica. Quindi, la manifestazione delle donne cairote dell’8 marzo, interrotta dall’arrivo di un’orda di uomini minacciosi e pronti a usare le mani, non è una bella premessa per l’avvento di uno stato di cose diverso dal passato..Veniamo ora al resto dei problemi in campo. La prima questione è che nei due paesi liberatisi del proprio dittatore la cosa è riuscita grazie all’atteggiamento assunto dai rispettivi eserciti (per quanto si trattasse di dittatori di estrazione militare, passati dalla caserma al palazzo presidenziale). Pensare a un prossimo futuro libero da pretese politiche dei militari pare un po’ azzardato, soprattutto in Egitto (But not exclusively), where generals and senior officers also run a major economic power, largely autonomous. Political equation to be solved in a near future it is a factor M of a certain weight. But there are other unknowns, and come from the socio / cultural needs of the various Arab countries. First, it must be a common element to both the dictatorships and corrupt at the top of the bourgeois democracies: the repressive apparatus, that is, not ever play a unique role in maintaining "order", for there is an additional tool by the importance not negligible, whose name is maintaining the population in the cultural degradation and / or obscurantism. And this is a situation defined by massa.Si then take that - for better or for worse - representative democracy (array bourgeois, let us not forget) is based sull'atomizzazione individual. Also present are the pages of Marx on the meaning of metaphor for social / economic myth of the "noble savage" coined in the early stage of capitalism. It does not seem right that it operates in Arab societies. This leads us to a figure that would not be specific to the Arab world if there is not presented with a particular quantitative and qualitative significance: it is the particular inhomogeneous internal to these companies, although these realities collective differences between them individually if considered in a comprehensive manner. It is not, of course, a feature exclusive to this part of the world, presenting each of the companies within it in a more or less uneven. Just think of the effect of regional differences on economic, social and cultural diversity among major cities, provincial towns and countryside, as well as the interrelationships between all these fattori.Nel Arab world are expressing a lack of homogeneity of social realities coexist (with all that the word implies) even for belonging to what we Westerners would have different historical periods. Or express the mixture in individual sectors of society, and elements of typical situations defined sia dei secoli XX e XXI sia dei secoli precedenti; di un “passato” immobile, si potrebbe dire. Non ci si deve fermare alla diversità urbana esistente, per esempio, tra la yemenita Sanaa e la siriaca Damasco, perché poco significativa, ma si deve evidenziare come rapporti socio/economici di tipo “medievale” (per intenderci alla buona) e i corrispondenti orizzonti culturali non esistono solo nelle campagne, sulle montagne o nelle oasi, ma anche all’interno dei grandi contesti urbani (come il Cairo, Algeri, o Rabat). Questi rapporti sociali arcaici appartengono al tribalismo e/o a forme di clientelismo “parafeudale” economico e politico. A ciò si aggiungano i fortissimi vincoli che fanno dipendere people from their families (rarely mononuclear) and the clan to which the family belongs. And families and clans in some Arab societies are still part of a tribe. All these arrangements produce a pyramidal structure of the company at its apex facing the privileged classes, remained unchanged in Tunisia as in Egitto.Un new element (but still not be determined by weight) showed today by the large number of young people whose horizons in some way have been expanded by the use of modern information technologies and communication. Here is an unknown factor X that might be relevant, at least in terms of potential. The phenomenon needs to be monitored carefully, since Arab societies - unlike the European ones - form a majority made up of young people. Take Saudi Arabia (which we reserve the right to speak in the next match with greater amplitude), where 60% of the population is under 30 years, the average age is 19 years young, the use of Internet in 2010 had increased by 240% and affects at least 3 million people. And last but not least there are closures and religious fanaticism, not to assimilate usual obscurantist Islamic radicalism and bomber. We refer to a specific factor, "traditional" so to speak, read in the light of the principle: "Maybe religion is not necessarily the opium of the people but holding strong dosi fa malissimo, a chi la assume e al prossimo suo”. È un fattore che non riguarda solo i musulmani, ma anche certe minoranze cristiane. I paesi arabi ad avere tali minoranze religiose di un qualche rilevo sono Palestina, Siria, Iraq (forse ancora per poco) ed Egitto (qui addirittura si tratta del 10% circa della popolazione). Proprio in Egitto coabitano due chiusure religiose: la musulmana (ben nota) e la copta, assai meno nota ma non meno dura. Se negli ultimi giorni di lotta al Cairo si sono visti affiancati a piazza Tahir croci copte e Corani, di recente abbiamo avuto, sempre al Cairo in un quartiere popolare, una contrastata storia d’amore fra un giovane copto e una giovane musulmana sfociata in tumulti di piazza a cui hanno preso by hundreds and hundreds of people, the beauty of finished with 14 deaths and several hundred wounded. Another bad segnale.Questo accumulation of factors is of such magnitude as to show the very difficult path to democratic systems / representative as we understand them in Europe. Depending on the forces that prevail, at the most likely scenarios are that of "totalitarian democracy" prevailed if the closure of a religious, authoritarian, and that of parliamentary systems, especially if the military would lay their mortgage on the current political processes. With the addition that no change in the structure of the privileged classes (the majority or agricultural pests or comprador bourgeoisie), regardless of "who" they comprise, in both cases the persistence of widespread corruption would be anything but surprising. With what segue.Abbattere dictators is never easy, but at some point it becomes possible, and in different sizes companies freed them of what is not possible overnight. Moreover, there is always the risk that the momentum of popular off (even for the people there is the difficulty of the transition from the condition of his subjects than of citizens) and the disappointment of mass re-open the way for tomorrow's autocrats.

from Utopia red

How Much Is 5000 Cc's Of Heparin

                                          LA BUSSOLA

                                       di  Michele Basso



Sulla questione della Libia occorre riflettere molto, perché, con la campagna di disinformazione year, which puts everything in terms of tyranny and democracy, if we're not that careful, we run the risk of having to demonstrate on the streets with Emma Bonino and Walter Veltroni.
no coincidence that Dante Lepore writes: "... the social occurrence which has ravaged the North Africa ... already assumed levels of handling and is filtered in the patterns of propaganda in such a way that the perception of the phenomenon and its teachings should be in the sense of 'aspirations for modernization, democracy and bourgeois freedom "against dictatorial regimes obsolete, rather than as an explosion of claims proletarian (who are everywhere quite clearly the protagonists) to a better world. "(1)
events in Libya, even more than on the Tunisian and Egyptian propaganda was widespread confusion and misunderstanding, which has fallen even the extreme left. Some people in the name of an alleged anti-imperialism of Gaddafi hopes his victory. Forget that the high oil revenues have led to important Libyan exports of capital in its imperialist metropolis, starting with Italy: "Libya has now 7.5% Unicredit (4.99% of the Libyan Central Bank and 2 , 5% of the sovereign fund Libyan Investment Authority), 1% of ENI, amounting to 750 million euros, 2% of Finmeccanica, the Retelit 14.7% and 7.5% of Juventus. In all, the Libyan Italian companies invested 3.7 billion in publicly traded. (2) Libyan
The bourgeoisie has done business with the surface of all the imperialist powers, and unlimited exploitation over a half million immigrants, mostly illegal immigrants, now abandoned to their fate.
Even more dangerous trap the other, who, in the name of fighting the tyrant, seeks the intervention of Europe and America. Communists and workers aware in no case shall side with the U.S.. The thing was quite obvious the White House when Bush lived the rough, unable to hide its imperial aspirations, is less obvious now that it is charging Obama and subtle diplomat. But a seemingly minor incident can make people understand who they really are the "humanitarian" imposing sanctions, and to envisage military no-fly zones and landings, shouting to the tyrant. An aircraft of U.S. security forces had to carry equipment and instructors to keep the Geof (Grupo Especial de Operaciones Especiales de la Policia Federal) courses for the fight against terrorism.
But a suitcase contained "drugs such as epinephrine, morphine and many other sedative hypnotics with immediate effect, in addition to its antidotes. Not only drugs. In the case of the Argentine forces also found tools for data transmission and decryption of files. "" All il carico sequestrato era contenuta in casse di legno contrassegnate ‘7° Gruppo Forze Speciali, Ft. Bragg, North Carolina’, secondo il giornalista argentino Walter Goobar Alcuni dei farmaci trovati, secondo Tercera Información News Service, erano adrenalina, ketamina, solfato alcaloide di morfina, midazolam, naloxone, OxyContin e l’oppioide semi-sintetico nalbufina.” (3) I moralizzatori girano per paesi amici con pesanti carichi di droga e con apparecchiature che presuppongono operazioni illegali. Approfittando dell’impunità che hanno nelle maggior parte dei paesi (a cominciare dall’Italia) violano quotidianamente tutte le norme del diritto internazionale che asseriscono di difendere. Questa è l’alta morale alla quale l’imperialismo americano s’ispira.
Per evitare queste trappole, occorre una bussola, per fissare l’asse principale delle lotte al quale tutti gli altri sono collegati. Sull’esempio dei comunisti del passato, dobbiamo chiederci qual è la forza che, a livello mondiale, rappresenta un costante pericolo per qualsiasi conquista dei lavoratori. Marx ed Engels individuarono nello zarismo russo la riserva di tutte le reazioni, e vi ravvisarono l’ostacolo principale, non solo per un’eventuale rivoluzione proletaria, ma persino per le rivoluzioni e le riforme borghesi. Dopo la caduta dello zarismo, Lenin e l’Internazionale indicarono nella Gran Bretagna colonialista il enemy to be killed, and found allies in the anti-colonial movements. Zinoviev, scandalized many Communists naive, in Baku ended his speech with these words: " Now the time has come where you can begin to organize a popular holy war against the robbers and oppressors. The Communist International turns today to the peoples of East and told them: "Brothers, I call for a holy war, especially against British imperialism . (4)
After World War II to hit the despot was represented by the republic to the stars and stripes. In a letter dated 1951, Onorato Damen, he called Moscow "the central of imperialism on a par with the American role in putting the issue of Russian domination of the world ", Bordiga, having considered the factors of concentration of productive forces, reserves human, historical continuity of state power, military, replied:" Examined all these factors, we see that America is the No. 1 concentration in the sense, as well as everything else, and over the odds in more conflicts, which certainly can step in wherever anti-capitalist revolution to win. In this historical sense I say that today the revolution, which can only be international, not lose time if you take out the state of Washington. This means that we are still far away? Okei. " (5)
Today, the United States no longer, as in the late '40s, half of world industrial production, but there is a power that is unparalleled in military, diplomacy and have a central spy powerful, a powerful network of alliances and a thousand instruments of blackmail. Any strengthening them away, perhaps even decades, the revival of class struggle and revolution. Seriously wrong in those who hope that we can make some progress towards the revolution with the help of U.S. direct or indirect. The latter gladly boast the title of liberators, but each action results in a more complete form of enslavement for the people "liberated." Iraqis, Afghans, and the peoples of Latin Americans still bear the marks of kindness imperialism of Washington. The Vietnamese have escaped this "liberation" by paying an enormous price.
NATO's intervention in Libya, blessed by the UN or not, so the solution would be worse.
European countries - an eternal shame of the Europeans, who dream of a super-bourgeois able to treat on a par with the U.S., fortunately aborted because it would be a further obstacle in the path of the proletarian struggle for a common Europe - lead to different foreign policies and potentially conflicting with each other. Sarkozy, the sworn enemy of workers and retirees and immigrants in France, driven by spawning elections were competitive with the far right, acknowledges the National Council of Benghazi, and wants to bomb the positions of Gaddafi. Merkel does not want to get mixed up in wars Mediterranean, we willingly leave to others, given that Germany is too busy to conquer markets, to the detriment of dear, noisy neighbors. Berlin, however, is part of NATO, and could be forced, reluctantly neck, to intervene. England is already compromised by the special forces raid in Benghazi. A group of SAS, headed by a senior officer of the M16 (the British secret service), complete with helicopters, explosives, ammunition and fake passports, was arrested as a gang of chicken thieves. Evidently, the time of the empire are far away to London, but some political leaders if they have not yet made a reason.

As regards Italy, we know only too well, that statements made by Berlusconi completely vary depending on the place where the pronunciation. There is no rooster weathervane faster to change position: pro-Russian Moscow Yankee in Washington, a friend of Mubarak, Ben Ali, and a few days after the rebels, libertine baciapile home and in church, at a conference would be capable of seminarians to speak of the beatitudes. Even less reliable Frattini. To understand the Italian policy towards Libya is better to see what he does ENI, which is il vero protagonista, e per ora i suoi contratti non sono stati annullati.

Gli insorti libici stanno arretrando, e questo fa pensare che siano state fatte loro promesse ingannevoli. Non sarebbe la prima volta. Bush padre, al tempo della guerra del 1991, fece dichiarazioni che furono interpretate come un invito agli sciiti perché insorgessero, ma, una volta prese le armi, furono lasciati alle vendette di Saddam. L’interesse reale delle potenze per le vite umane si vede anche dall’abbandono in cui sono lasciati i lavoratori immigrati di pelle nera, perseguitati dagli insorti perché scambiati per mercenari, e scacciati dalle truppe di Gheddafi.
Non è escluso, però, che Obama prenda tempo per preparare meglio l’attacco. It 's true that America is already heavily committed in terms of military, but Libya is an opportunity too good. So far, the success in penetrating the U.S. military and economic situation in Africa was not great. In an interview with Hassan Mohamed says: "... the United States fail to prevent African countries from trading with China, and have lost a great influence on the continent. Testimony of the blow suffered by the Pentagon, was when it tried in vain for a country hosting the headquarters of its regional command AFRICOM. All the continental states have refused to accommodate this basis. The South African Defence Minister said that the refusal is "a collective decision Africa and Zambia, had also responded to U.S. Secretary of State: "Would you like to have an elephant in the living room?" Currently, the headquarters of the Regional Command for Africa is in Stuttgart ...! It 's a shame for Washington. " (6)
Nevertheless, the U.S. has managed to have strengths in individual states, for example in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in Kisangani, in the heart of Ituri, Eastern Province, where they work to form a professional army. We know What this meant in Latin America, where a coup d'etat carried out by armies trained by the Americans were on the agenda. But General William Ward: "We will form an army più professionale, che rispetti l'autorità civile e garantisca la sicurezza del popolo congolese. Ciò che facciamo qui come in altri luoghi d'Africa, d'accordo con i governi sovrani, è nell'interesse dei popoli. Agli USA e alla comunità internazionale interessa che il popolo congolese viva in pace ed abbia la possibilità di un futuro migliore”. (7) Amen! La politica di Obama segue punto per punto quella di Bush, con più intelligenza e più concessioni alle belle maniere.
L’importanza strategica della Libia è enorme, non solo è nel cuore del Mediterraneo, ma si spinge a sud nel Sahara e può controllare gran parte dell’Africa nera. Fu lasciata all’Italietta Giolitti, but if it fell into the hands of Germany, would constitute a mortal danger to the British Empire and French, Belgian, Portuguese, etc..
At the time of the Cold War, the United States had no interest in antagonizing France and Great Britain, which left them free hand in the former colonial empires. Tripped because the two allies over Suez in 1956, is an exception: when Nasser nationalized the canal, Britain, France and Israel intervened militarily, they were forced to withdraw from Russia and America. After the parenthesis of Nasser, Egypt ended the American orbit. Fall of the Soviet Union, the euro-American contrasts were accentuated, until in recent years Chinese competition threatened to drive out U.S. and European market from Africa. If Africom will be able to settle in Libya, however, the U.S. will be able to bet with more likely to succeed to the domain of the African continent, Latin America will have less room for maneuver, and Washington can think of to deal with Russia and China. Some may say that the U.S. is in decline from the economic point of view, but this just makes them more aggressive and more dangerous in the struggle to maintain dominance.
Therefore, we must oppose military intervention, and you can only do so seeking the cooperation of the workers and antiwar Americans, the ones who hit the imperialist monster inside. Who, for anti-American resentment, he plans to exclude this crucial sector of the world proletariat from the budget on the international class struggle, regard it as a huge counter-labor aristocracy, it precludes only the way to the understanding of international relations between the classes.
In Italy, there is one more reason to fight anti-militarist, and a clear written COBAS Confederation of Sicily: "concern are the statements of Minister Frattini, who candidly states that to implement the No Fly Zone should bomb military bases Airlines and the Libyan army. Minister La Russa knows that our coasts and the basis for Sigonella, airport, and Augusta and Niscemi, which he made available to the Western war machine, are in the range of the missile weapons of Libya. " (8)

you do with these missiles Ignacio Benito Maria La Russa? Stop them on the shore?

March 12, 2011

site
http://www.webalice.it/mario.gangarossa/sottolebandieredelmarxismo.htm


_______________________________________________________________
NOTE:

1) Dante Lepore, "Imperialism in the North African big game - Part I". http://www.ponsinmor.info/.
2) Il Sole 24 Ore, 18 February 2011 and "From the notes on Libya" by Angela Marinoni)
3) Alexander the Great, "a U.S. military plane lands in Argentina with a cargo not properly declared. The authorities will act touched the crisis between the two countries. " Peacereporter, 17/2/2011. Mario Andrade, "confiscated in Argentina as a U.S. military aircraft in a covert operation in South America, CIA agents under investigation," Aurora, 28/2/2011
4) "Assault on the sky, and manifestos of the Congress Documents of the Communist International (1919 - 1922). Congress of the Peoples of the East (Baku, 1920) "
5) Alfa to honor" (with Amadeo Bordiga Onorato Damen), July 9, 1951, published in "Prometheus", Series II, No 3 April 1952.
6) Indian Ocean: here there is the great battle for world domination. Interview Lalieu Gregory & Michel Collon Investig'Action Mohamed Hassan - mondialisation September 15, 2010. Translated by Alessandro Lattanzio - Aurora.
7) AFRICOM in the heart of Africa war for oil, Amadou Fall, November 11, 2010.
Source: http://www.fundacionsur.com/spip.php?article7422. Translation from English to http://www.resistenze.org/ by the Documentation Centre of Culture and Popular in Anti-Imperialist Camp - Italy.
8) "No armed intervention in Libya," COBAS Confederation of Sicily in sottolebandieredelmarxismo Source

Having Intercourse With Folliculitis

LANDFILL optimism after the confrontation at Arco
'Maza', it's time for dialogue

again to the fore the issue of waste: the other night, the mayor and councilors of Arc met administrators and technicians Valley communities. A preparatory meeting on the controversial issue of the landfill Maza, with President Salvador Valandro, Councillor Michael Calzà Arco in the Community and experts Piero Parolari, architect, Bruno Ferrari, surveyor, and Alberto Bonisolli, responsible Gestel. On the table in the current situation and future assumptions designed by the Province. In fact, the evening was preparatory to an upcoming meeting with the Trentino: Vice President Alberto Pacher will be the guest of the city council in the near future. Moderately optimistic opinion of the mayor of Arco, Paolo Mattei, who had previously attended a 'dialogue of the deaf between the Province and the Region, but today the impression is that the climate is positive. " The President Valandro confirms this feeling: "The relationship with the Province and Pacher is constructive and characterized by comparison. There are monthly meetings in progress, and serves to show that the area holds high attention to the problem. There is an on listening to each other, a clear path on resources and actions. " The commissioner Michael Calzà presented a report on landfill speaking also discussed the coverage of € 16 million, the provincial capital to give a waterproof coating to lots of Maza. Not only capping: 200 000 € even for a second storage tank of 600 cubic meters of leachate, 400 000 € to move the electrical room and the provision for 3 months of a pilot plant for pre-treatment of leachate, which will consider installing a permanent basis. Biogas can be translated into energy value? The signing of a project to start in this direction there, said Michael Socks, and will soon be appointed a technician responsible for the feasibility study. CT

the Adige 13/03/2011


***
Investing in a system collapse: the big plans for the future.

Fred Meyer Apply Online

SELF-MANAGEMENT AND HIERARCHY

, Cornelius Castoriadis



We live in a society whose organization is hierarchical, it is working, production, or firm, administration, policy, or State or even education and scientific research. The hierarchy is not an invention of modern society. Its origins are remote, although not always existed, and there were no hierarchical societies that have worked very well. But in modern society, the hierarchical system (or, which is the same, bureaucracy) has become nearly universal. As soon as there is any collective activity, it is organized on the principle of hierarchy, and hierarchy of command and the power increasingly coincides with the hierarchy of wages and incomes. So that people do not come to imagine that could hardly be otherwise, and that they themselves could be something different definito che dal loro posto nella piramide gerarchica.

I difensori del sistema attuale cercano di giustificarlo come il solo "logico", "razionale", "economico". Abbiamo già cercato di mostrare che questi "argomenti" non valgono nulla e non giustificano nulla, che essi sono falsi presi ognuno separatamente econtraddittori quando li si considera nel loro insieme. Avremo l'occasione di ritornare sul questo tema. Ma si presenta anche il sistema attuale come il solo possibile, lo si pretende imposto dalle necessità della moderna produzione, dalla complessità della vita sociale, la grande scala di tutte le attività, ecc. Cercheremo di mostrare che non è vero, e che l'esistenza di una gerachia è radicalmente incompatibile with self-management.

HIERARCHY OF CONTROL AND SELF-MANAGEMENT

collective decision-making and problem of representation

What does it mean, socially, the hierarchical system? A layer of the population runs the company and the other merely implementing its decisions, so that this layer, receiving the largest income, take advantage of the company's production and work much better than others. In short, that society is divided between a layer that has the power and privilege, and the rest, which is free. The hierarchy or bureaucracy- - Of all the social activities that the form is not today, more and more important, the division of society. As such, it is both result and cause of the conflict which has torn society.
If this is so, it becomes ridiculous to ask themselves: self-management, operation and the existence of a social system is self-compatible with the maintenance of the hierarchy? Might as well ask whether the abolition of the current prison system is compatible with the maintenance of prison guards, prison officers and directors, what is obvious is good to be told explicitly. Especially since, for millennia, has ushered in the spirits of people since from their earliest childhood the idea that it is "natural" one Comandini and others obey, that each have a redundant and the other just enough.
We want a self-managed society. What does this mean? One company which manages, that goes by itself. But this must still be clarified. A self-governing society is a society in which all decisions are taken by the community that is, every time, considered as an object of its decisions. Ie a system where those who are performing a collectively decide what to do and how, in the only limits that give them their coexistence with other collective units. Thus, decisions that affect workers in a laboratory must be taken by workers in quest'officina; those involving several laboratories at a time, by all the affected workers or their elected and revocable delegates, those relating to the whole enterprise , from all personnel; those relating to a neighborhood by neighborhood residents, and those that affect the whole society, from all the women and men who live there.

But what does it mean to decide?

decide, you decide for themselves. It is not to leave the decision of "competent persons" subject to a vague "control". It is not even describe the people who will, themselves, to decide. It is not because the population means, once after a certain number of years, those who make the laws, it makes the laws. It is not because after a designated number of years, who will decide the policy of the country, which itself decides the policy. It does not decide, it alienates its decision-making power to the representatives' or delegates that, by that very fact, are not and can not be its representatives or delegates, attarverso the different communities, as well as the existence of bodies, committees or councils, made up of those delegates will be in a certain number of cases, essential. But non sarà compatibile con l'autogestione soltanto se questi delegati rappresentano veramente la collettività di cui essi stessi sono emanazione, e questo implica che rimangono sottoposti al suo potere. Il che significa, a sua volta, che quest'ultima non soltanto li elegge, ma può anche revocarli ogni volta che essa lo giudica necessario.
Dunque, dire che vi è gerarchia del comando formato da "persone competenti" ed in principio inamovibili; o dire che vi sono dei rappresentanti" inamovibili per un dato periodo di tempo (e che, come l'esperienza dimostra, diventano praticamente inamovibili per sempre), è dire che non vi è autogestione, nemmeno "gestione democratica". Ciò equivale infatti a dire che la collettività is directed by persons whose direction the business has now become the common business specialized and exclusive, and that, in law or fact, beyond the power of community.

collective decision-making, training and information

On the other hand, decide, and decide for informed consent. It is no longer the community decides, even if it formally "vote", if someone or some have their own knowledge and relevant information. But also, they can define themselves as the criteria by which they agree. And to do this, they are trained more wide. Now, a hierarchy of command means that those who have decided - or rather, pretend to possess the monopoly of information and training, and in any case, they will have privileged access. The hierarchy is based on this fact, and it tends to play it constantly. Because in a hierarchical organization, any information from the base to go up top and not descend more or move (in fact, they are moving, but controle rules of the organization hierarchy). Similarly, all the decisions come down from the summit to the base, which has only to execute them. This corresponds roughly to say that there is a hierarchy of command and say that these two circulations are made each way Single: The summit gathers and absorbs all the information that lead up to it and do not ridifonde to the performers that is strictly necessary for the enforcement of orders made to them and that only emanate from it. In such a situation, it is absurd to think that there may be self or "democratic management".
How can we decide if we do not have information necessary to decide right? And how can we learn to decide if it is always reduced to carry out what others have decided? As soon as a hierarchy of command is established, the community itself becomes opaque, and there is a huge waste. Becomes opaque, because the information is retained at the top. A waste occurs because employees are not informed or misinformed do not know what they should know to conduct their job well, especially because the collective capacity to proceed, as well as the inventiveness and initiative, formally reserved for the command, are hindered and inhibited at all levels.
So, will the self-or the "democratic management", where the word democracy is used for simply decorative purposes, and willingness to maintain a hierarchy of command is a contradiction in terms. It would be much more consistent, formally, say, as the defenders of the current system: the hierarchy of command is essential, therefore, there can be self-managed society.
Soltanto, ciò è falso. Quando esaminiamo le funzioni della gerarchia, cioè a cosa essa serve, constatiamo che, per una gran parte, esse non hanno senso e non esistono che in funzione del sistema sociale attuale, e che le altre, quelle che conserverebbero un senso ed una utilità nel sistema sociale autogestito, potrebbero facilmente essere collettivizzate. Non possiamo discutere, nei limiti di questo testo, la questione in tutta la sua ampiezza. Tenteremo di chiarirne alcuni aspetti importanti, riferendoci soprattutto all'organizzazione dell'impresa e della produzione.
Una delle funzioni più importanti della gerarchia attuale è di organizzare la costrizione. Nel lavoro, ad esempio, che si tratti di officine o di uffici, an essential part of the 'activities' hierarchical apparatus, until the direction of team leaders, is to monitor, investigate, punish, impose directly or indirectly to the "discipline" and the proper implementation of the orders received by those who must execute them. And why should organize the constraint, because there must be a constraint? Why workers do not spontaneously overflowing enthusiasm to do what management wants them to do. And why? Because neither their work nor his product belonging to them, because they feel alienated and exploited, because they themselves have not decided what to do and how to do, or what what will happen to what they have done, in short, because there is a perpetual social conflict between those who work and those who direct the work of others and take advantage. In sum, therefore: there must be hierarchy, to organize the constraint-and there must be no constraint because there is division and conflict, namely that there is also the hierarchy. In general, the hierarchy appears as if there were to settle conflicts, masking the fact that the existence of the hierarchy is itself the source of perpetual conflict. Because as long as there is a hierarchical system, there will, for this very fact, continues revival of a conflict between a radical leader and privileged stratum, and other categorie, ridotte a dei ruoli di esecuzione.
Si dice che se non ci fosse costrizione, non vi sarebbe nessuna disciplina, che ognuno farebbe ciò che vorrebbe e sarebbe il caos. Ma ciò non è nient'altro che un sofisma. La questione non è di sapere se occorre della disciplina, o anche a volte la costrizione, ma quale disciplina, decisa da chi, controllata da chi, sotto quali forme e per quali scopi. Più gli scopi che servono una disciplina sono estranei ai bisogni ed ai desideri di coloro che devono realizzarli, più le decisioni concernenti questi scopi e le forme della disciplina sono esteriori e più vi è bisogno di costrizione per farli rispettare. Una collettività autogestita non è una collettività senza disciplina, but a community that itself decide its rules and, in the case of the failure of sanctions against those who violate it deliberately. Concerning in particular the work, you can not seriously discuss the issue by presenting the company as a self-managed enterprise contemporary strictly identical except that he would take the shell hierarchy.
Within undertakings simultaneously, it requires people to work that is foreign to them and which they have nothing to say. The remarkable thing is not that they oppose it, but there are no objections at all in most cases. You can not believe for a moment that their attitude toward work would remain the same when the relationship their work will be transformed and that they will begin to become the masters. On the other hand, even in the enterprise simultaneously, there is a discipline, but two. There is the discipline that strikes constraints and financial penalties or other apparatus hierarchy is constantly trying to impose. And there is the discipline, much less apparent but no less strong, which lies within the groups of workers of a team or workshop and does so such that neither those who make too much or those who are not enough to be tolerated. The human groups have never been and never chaotic agglomerations of individuals motivated solely by selfishness and struggle against each other, how they want to do the ideologues believe of capitalism and bureaucracy that do not express it that their own attitudes. In groups, particularly those who are called to a common task always arise permanent rules of conduct and a pressure group that enforces them.

Self-management, competence and decision

We come now to another key function of the hierarchy, which appears to be independent of the social structure of contemporary decision-making and executive functions. The question that arises is: why communities consider themselves could not accomplish this function, go by themselves and decide for themselves, perché occorrerebbe uno strato particolare di persone, organizzate a parte, che decidono e che dirigono? A questa domanda, i difensori dell'attuale sistema forniscono due genere di risposte: una si appoggia sull'invocazione del "sapere" e della "competenza": bisogna che coloro che sanno, o coloro che sono competenti, decidano. L'altra afferma, con parole più o meno velate, che bisogna in ogni modo che qualcuno decida, perché altrimenti sarebbe il caos, detto altrimenti perché la collettività sarebbe incapace di dirigersi da sé.
Nessuno contesta l'importanza del sapere e della competenza, né, soprattutto che oggi un certo sapere ed una certa competenza sono riservati ad una minoranza. Ma, anche in questo caso, questi fatti non sono invocati che per coprire dei sofismi. Non sono coloro che possiedono più sapere e competenza in generale che dirigono il sistema attuale. Chi dirige, sono coloro che si sono mostrati capaci di ascendere nell'apparato gerarchico o coloro che, in funzione della loro ordine familiare e sociale, sono stati sin dall'inizio posti sulla buona strada dopo aver ottenuto qualche diploma. In entrambi i casi, la "competenza" che si esige per mantenersi o arrampicarsi nell'apparato gerarchico riguarda molto più la capacità di difendersi e di vincere nella concorrenza che si sferrano gli individui, cosche e clan in seno all'apparato gerarchico-burocratico, che l'attitudine a dirigere un lavoro collettivo.
In secondo luogo, it is not because someone or have some knowledge or a scientific or technical expertise, that the best way to use them is to entrust them with the direction of a set of tasks. It can be an excellent engineer in his own specialty without being able to "steer" the set of a department of a factory. There is, moreover, noted that the present situation in this regard. Technicians and specialists are generally confined to their particular fields. "leaders" surround themselves with some technical advisers gather their views on decisions to be made (opinions often diverge from each other) and finally "decide". One can clearly see the absurdity of the argument. If the "manager" decide on the basis of his "knowledge" and his "expertise" should be learned and knowledgeable about everything, either directly or to decide which of the conflicting opinions of experts, is the best. This is clearly impossible and managers actually choose arbitrarily, depending on their "feedback". Now this "opinion" of one has no reason to be more valid opinion that would be formed in a self-governing community, from a real experience infinitely larger than that of a single individual.

Self-Management, specialization and rationalization

Know e competenza sono per definizione specializzati e lo diventano sempre più ogni giorno. Uscito dal suo campo speciale, il tecnico o lo specialista non è più capace di chiunque altro di prendere una buona decisione. Anche all'interno del suo campo particolare, del resto, il suo punto di vista è fatalmente limitato. Da una parte, egli ignora gli altri campi, che sono necessariamente in interazione con il suo e tende naturalmente a trascurarli. Così, nelle imprese così come nelle attuali amministrazioni, la questione del coordinamento "orizzontale" dei servizi di direzione è un incubo perpetuo. Si è giunti, da tanto tempo , a creare degli specialisti del coordinamento per coordinare le attività degli specialisti della direzione- that prove so incapable of directing themselves. On the one hand, and above all, specialists in executive positions within this motif are separated from the actual production process, from what happens, the conditions under which employees must perform their work. Most of the time, decisions taken by the offices after elaborate calculations, perfect on paper, turn out to be unenforceable as they are, because they have not taken sufficient account of the actual conditions in which they should be applied. Now these real conditions, by definition, only the worker knows the community. Everyone knows that this is done in contemporary business, a source of perpetual conflict and a waste immenso.
Per contro, sapere e competenza possono essere razionalmente utilizzate se coloro che li possiedono sono reimersi nella collettività dei produttori, se diventano una delle componenti delle decisioni che questa collettività avrà da prendere. L'autogestione esige la cooperazione tra coloro che possiedono un sapere o una competenza particolare e coloro che assumono il lavoro produttivo nel senso stretto. È totalmente incompatibile con una separazione di queste due categorie. È soltanto se una tale cooperazione si instaura che questo sapere e questa competenza potranno essere pienamente utilizzate; mentre, oggi, non sono utilizzate che per una piccola parte, poiché coloro che le possiedono sono confinati a dei compiti limitati, strettamente circumscribed by the division of labor "within the Board. Above all, this cooperation can only ensure that knowledge and expertise will be made effectively to the community and not for a particular purpose.
Such cooperation can take place without conflicts arise between the specialists and other workers? If an expert says, from his specialized knowledge, that a certain metal, because it has such properties, is the most suitable for quell'utensile or that piece, you do not see why and from what it might raise objections from free the workers. Even in this case, moreover, a rational decision requires that workers are not strangers-for example, because the owners of the chosen material plays a role during the processing of parts and tools. But the really important decisions regarding the production will always be an essential component on the role and place of men in production. About this, there is-by definition-no knowledge and no expertise that can dominate the view of those who will really work to be carried out. No organization of an assembly line or assembly can be neither rational nor acceptable if it has been decided without taking into account the point of view of those who work there. Why not take this into account, these decisions are almost always present shaky, and if production does, however, it is because the workers are organized together to make it go, breaking the rules and instructions "official" organization of work. But even the supposedly "rational" from a strictly pubto production efficiency, these decisions are unacceptable precisely because they are, and can only be exclusively based on the principle of 'productive efficiency. " This means that they tend to make workers whole production process, and to treat them as parts of the productive mechanism. Now this is not due to poor management, his stupidity and not simply in search of profit. (A proof that the 'organization of work "is rogora stessanei the Eastern and Western countries). This is the direct and inevitable consequence of a system in which decisions are taken by others than those who should be making; such a system can not have another "logical".
But a self-managed company can not follow this "logic". His logic is quite another, is the logic of the liberation of men and their development. The community of workers may well decide - and in our opinion, would be right to do so-for it, of working days less tiring, less absurd, freer and happier they are infinitely preferable to a few more pieces of junk. And, for those choices, absolutely fundamental, there is no criterion "scientific" or "objective" it's worth: the only criterion is the opinion of the community itself about what it prefers, from his experience, his needs and his desires.
This is true scale of the entire society. No criteria "scientific" allows anyone to decide what is best for society to have more free time next year, rather than more consumption or the reverse, growing faster or slower, etc.. He says that those criteria are is an ignorant or a liar. The only criterion that makes sense in these fields, is that men e l edonne che formano la società vogliono, e ciò, soltanto essi possono deciderlo e nessuno al loro posto.

Testo scritto in collaborazione con Daniel Mothé e pubblicato in CFDT Aujourd’hui, n° 8, luglio-agosto 1974 .

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                            THE SALVATION OF THE WORLD,
THEOLOGY OF THE INVISIBLE HAND
Miguel Martinez


For years, some ecologist brings out the reasoning that, if every Chinese had the car would be the end of the world and are years that some progress contends that the Chinese have right to the car as the Italians.
As the two discourses operating on totally different levels - the first on the scientific, the second in that of morality - is difficult to say who is right.
For believers in the theology of the Invisible Hand, but something much more devastating would even save the world. A
Giampaolo Visetti wrote about Republic un   articolo  (uscito il 7 dicembre, ma ce lo segnalano solo ora) intitolato, trattenete il fiato:

Seconde case , auto e tanto lusso i consumatori cinesi salvano il mondo

La notizia non è che un miliardo trecentomila cinesi vogliano avere la Cinquecento. La notizia è che

“ Oltre 800 mila famiglie guadagnano 1 milione di euro l’ anno, 65 mila cinesi possiedono un patrimonio superiore ai 10 milioni e nelle metropoli vivono 950 mila individui con un reddito annuo pari a 2 milioni. Ma ciò che conta non è che in Cina si concentra il secondo numero più alto di miliardari: è che 250 milioni di cinesi hanno uno stipendio annuo di diecimila euro e che il 5% della popolazione viaggia oltre i tremila al mese .”

E questa minoranza di cinesi (perché restano pur sempre fuori oltre un miliardo di pezzenti) ha deciso di consumare più di ciò che produce:

“ Ricorrono ai prestiti bancari, usano la carta di credito, investono in Borsa, si indebitano e fanno esplodere i prestiti delle finanziarie. Nel 2010, per la prima volta, in Cina oltre 3500 miliardi di credito saranno fuori bilancio e il 35% della popolazione avrà un mutuo da pagare .”

Vendendo agli americani che si sono indebitati with credit cards - and now they are paying in a manner well known - a minority of Chinese then made enough money to borrow for longer than he has. And with that more-of-what-he is about to go shopping:

" The priorities are the second house and 'car, but the novelty is the discovery of the superfluous. Trends 2010 are travel, purchase of domestic animals, domestic technology, cosmetic surgery, designer furniture, luxury clothes and accessories, jewelry, big game hunting and sport 's elite .[...]

The report, "Hurun "Luxury on shows that all big now produce specifically for the China. Watches from 200 000 €, 30 000 a bottle wine, custom-built yachts from 400 000 and have no money exclusive lines for the new Chinese consumers. Speak Mandarin but also high fashion, footwear and accessories top, temples d 'art and truffles, the trade in diamonds and gold. Who dreamed reflected today on the washing machine 'screen width of the 3D plasma TV and the mutation is so fast that even the dominant brand in the Western middle class are losing ground. In Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong, as in the wealthier districts, purchase luxury already out of fashion. The 'cult image is that of Tian Mingqiao, importing coal from Inner Mongolia, which under the' eye of the cameras parks Bentley rose between his two yellow Ferrari in the center of Shenzhen. Enter a six-star hotel and after a 'now his companion comes loaded with bags, explaining that he had spent $ 45,000 on shoes and $ 51,000 in caviar, oysters and lobsters. " "Nothing famous - Tian says - none of which possess all cheap. Compro-only logo, unique pieces, made to measure '. "
will be the result of an inevitable process, which should not be judged morally, I agree.
But in my religion, is called eutrophication . In them, save the world.
And whether we like it or not, while the world can live with my religion (And also with that of the cannibals, for that matter) can not live with their

March 7, 2011

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